The Continual Process of Degrading and Synthesizing Protein is Called

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CH 06

Protein/Amino acid

Question	Answer
compounds in your body that consist of numerous amino acids and are found in all living cell	proteins
building block of protein and contain C, H, O, N. They composed of an acid and amine gp and unique side chain	amino acid
the COOH gp that is part of every amino acid	acid gp
nitrogen containing part (NH2) of an amino acid	amine group
side gp of an amino acid that provides it with its unique qualities	side chain
9 amino acids that the body cannot synthesize and must be obtain through dietary sources	essential amino acid
11 amino acids that the body can synthesize	non essential amino acid
subtance that precede a step or reaction	precursors
bonds that connect amino acids created when the acids gp of one amino acid is joined with nitrogen containing amine gp of another amino acid	peptide bond
alteration of a protein shape which changes the structure and function of the protein	denatured
limited supply of amino acids stored in your blood and cells and used to build new protein	amino acid pools
continual process of degrading and synthesizing protein. when the daily amount of degraded protein is equivalent to the amount that is synthesized you are in protein balance	protein turnover
nitrogen containing waste product that is excreted in your urine	urea
blueprint in cells that stores all genetic info. it remains in the nucleus of the cell and directs the synthesis of proteins	DNA
DNA segment that codes for a specific protein	gene
molecule that carries out the orders of DNA	RNA
type of RNA that copies the genetic info encoded in DNA and carries it out of the nucleus of the cell to synthesize the protein	messenger RNA
type of RNA that collects the amino acids within the cell that are needed to make a specific protein	transfer RNA
blood disorder caused by genetic defect in the development of hemoglobin. it causes the red blood cells to distort into a sickle shape and can damage organs and tissues	sickle cell anemia
ropelike fibrous protein that is the most abundant protein in your body	collagen
most abundant tissue in the body. Made up primarily of collagen it supports and connects body part as well as providing protection and insulation	connective tissues
substances that act as catalyst and speed up reaction in the body	enzymes
substance that aid and speed up reaction in your body without being changed damaged or used up in the process	catalysts
substance that often vitamins that are needed by enzymes to perform many chemical reaction in your body	coenzymes
equal distribution of water throughout your body and within and between cells	fluid balance
substance that help maintain the proper pH in a solution by attracting or donating H ions	buffers
protein made by your body to bind to and neutralize foreign invaders such as harmful bacteria fungi and viruses as part of body immune response	antibodies
state of having built up antibodies to a particular foreign substance so that when particles of the substance enter the body they are destroy by the antibodies	immunity
food capacity to be broken down so that it can be absorbed	digestibility
composition of amino acid in a protein	amino acid profile
protein that provides all the essential amino acids that your body needs along with some nonessential amino acid	complete protein
examples of complete protein	soy protein and protein from animal
protein that is a low in one or more of the essential amino acids	incomplete protein
amino acid that is in the shortest supply in an incomplete protein	limiting amino acid
incomplete proteins that are combined with modest amounts of animal or soy protein or with other plant proteins that are rich in the limiting amino acids to create a complete protein	complemented protein
PDCAAS	protein digestibility corrected amino acid score
sore measured as a percentage that takes into account both digestibility and amino acid profile and gives a good indication of the quality of protein	PDCAAS
lack of sufficient dietary protein and calories	protein energy malnutrition (pem)
state of PEM where there is a severe deficiency of dietary protein	kwashiorkor
state of PEM where there is a severe deficiency of calories that perpetuates wasting also called starvation	marasmus
person who doesnt eat meat fish or poultry or any food made from animal sources	vegetarian
naturally occurring phytoestrogen or weak plant estrogens which function in a similar fashion to the hormone estrogen in the human body	isoflavones
hormones responsible for female sex characteristic	estrogen
average grams of protein in an ounce of meat	7g
occasional use of meat fish and poultry	semivegetarian
avoiding all animal product	vegan
avoiding meat fish poultry and dairy products	ovo vegetarian
avoid meat fish poultry	lacto ovo vegetarian
avoiding meat fish poultry and eggs	lacto vegetarian

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Source: https://www.studystack.com/flashcard-381167